Legacies Project: Chinese in Buffalo: Article from the Buffalo Express, "Wily Tricks Played by John Chinaman and His Smugglers," and Related Questions"

Questions | Buffalo | Chinese Communities

Humans Across Borders: U.S. Exclusion Policy Leads to Smuggling of Chinese Immigrants

Document 4

Vocabulary

Flourishing: Being very successful, booming.
Contraband: Smuggled property, something prohibited by law.
Plying: Working at, keeping busy.
Underground: This refers not to something underneath the ground, but something done in secret, usually against the law.
In league: Working with.
Vigilance: A state of being watchful, alert.

Document 4: "Wily Tricks Played by John Chinaman and His Smugglers," Buffalo Express March 4, 1904. Collection of Erie County Public Library.

Document 4 Short-Answer Questions

What points in Ontario, Canada are being used to smuggle Chinese into the U.S.?
According to the article, how many Chinese are smuggled into the U.S. each year?
According to the article, who is working "in league" with Chinese merchants in Canada and the U.S. to smuggle Chinese into the U.S.?

Document 3 | Document 5

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